The Matua movement was founded by Sri Harichand Thakur in the early 19th century in Orakandi, now in Bangladesh. Born in 1812, Harichand Thakur was a spiritual leader and social reformer who preached equality, humanism, and devotion to God (Bhakti). He emphasized truth, love, and simplicity and rejected caste discrimination, idol worship, and rituals. His teachings attracted a large following among the marginalized Namasudra population, who were facing social injustice and untouchability under the caste system. After Harichand Thakur’s death, his son Guruchand Thakur carried forward his legacy. Guruchand is often regarded as the father of Namasudra renaissance. He promoted education, social reforms, and political awareness among the Matua people. Under his leadership, schools were opened, and there was an emphasis on girl’s education and fighting social evils like child marriage and illiteracy.